Quebec on the citizenship test
The citizenship test is the same everywhere in Canada. What changes is what you are expected to know about your province. Here is everything Discover Canada says about Quebec.
- Capital
- Québec City
From “Who We Are”
- Most Francophones live in Quebec, but one million live in Ontario, New Brunswick and Manitoba.
- Quebecers are the people of Quebec, the vast majority French-speaking, most descended from 8,500 French settlers of the 1600s and 1700s.
- The House of Commons recognized in 2006 that the Québécois form a nation within a united Canada.
- One million Anglo-Quebecers have a heritage of 250 years and form a vibrant part of the Quebec fabric.
From “Canada's History”
- In 1608 Champlain built a fortress at what is now Québec City.
- In 1759 the British defeated the French in the Battle of the Plains of Abraham at Québec City — marking the end of France's empire in America.
- After the war Great Britain renamed the colony the "Province of Quebec". The French-speaking Catholic people were known as habitants or Canadiens.
- The Quebec Act of 1774 is one of the constitutional foundations of Canada.
- The Quebec Act allowed religious freedom for Catholics and permitted them to hold public office — a practice not then allowed in Britain.
- The Quebec Act restored French civil law while maintaining British criminal law.
- In 1776 the 13 British colonies south of Quebec declared independence and formed the United States.
- More than 40,000 Loyalists fled the American Revolution to settle in Nova Scotia and Quebec.
- Sir Guy Carleton (Lord Dorchester), as Governor of Quebec, defended the rights of the Canadiens, defeated an American invasion of Quebec in 1775, and supervised the Loyalist migration in 1782-83.
- The Constitutional Act of 1791 divided the Province of Quebec into Upper Canada (later Ontario) — mainly Loyalist, Protestant and English-speaking — and Lower Canada (later Quebec), heavily Catholic and French-speaking.
- Sir George-Étienne Cartier was the key architect of Confederation from Quebec, leading Quebec into Confederation and helping negotiate the entry of the Northwest Territories, Manitoba and British Columbia.
- 1867 — Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick.
- A second rebellion in 1885 in present-day Saskatchewan led to Riel's trial and execution for high treason, strongly opposed in Quebec. Many see Riel as a hero and the father of Manitoba.
- In 1921 Agnes Macphail, a farmer and teacher, became the first woman MP. Quebec granted women the vote in 1940, thanks to Thérèse Casgrain and others.
From “Modern Canada”
- Unemployment insurance (now employment insurance) was introduced in 1940; Old Age Security was devised as early as 1927; the Canada and Quebec Pension Plans came in 1965.
- Quebec experienced an era of rapid change in the 1960s known as the Quiet Revolution.
- Quebec sovereignty was defeated in a referendum in 1980, and again in a second referendum in 1995.
- In 1982 the Constitution was amended without the agreement of Quebec.
- Les Automatistes of Quebec pioneered modern abstract art in the 1950s, most notably Jean-Paul Riopelle.
- Louis-Philippe Hébert of Quebec was a celebrated sculptor of historical figures.
From “The Justice System”
- There are provincial police forces in Ontario and Quebec and municipal police departments in all provinces.
- The RCMP enforce federal laws throughout Canada and serve as the provincial police in all provinces and territories except Ontario and Quebec, as well as in some municipalities.
From “Canadian Symbols”
- Revived at Confederation, the fleur-de-lys was included in the Canadian Red Ensign. In 1948 Quebec adopted its own flag, based on the Cross and the fleur-de-lys.
- The Quebec National Assembly is built in the French Second Empire style; other provincial legislatures are Baroque, Romanesque and neoclassical.
- O Canada was proclaimed the national anthem in 1980. It was first sung in Québec City in 1880.
- Paul Triquet of Cabano, Quebec, earned the V.C. in the attack on Casa Berardi in Italy in 1943.
- Fête nationale (Quebec) — June 24, the Feast of St. John the Baptist. Canada Day — July 1.
From “Canada's Regions”
- Quebec — Québec City. Ontario — Toronto.
- More than half the people in Canada live near the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River in southern Quebec and Ontario — the industrial and manufacturing heartland.
- Together, Ontario and Quebec produce more than three-quarters of all Canadian manufactured goods.
- In Quebec, more than three-quarters speak French as their first language, the vast majority living along or near the St. Lawrence River.
- Quebec is Canada's main producer of pulp and paper and its largest producer of hydro-electricity, and Quebecers lead in pharmaceuticals and aeronautics.
- The Niagara region is known for its vineyards, wines and fruit crops. Ontario was founded by United Empire Loyalists and has the largest French-speaking population outside Quebec.
Practice questions about Quebec
Question 1 of 2
How long is the heritage of the one million Anglo-Quebecers?
Correct answer: 250 years
Source from the guide
“One million Anglo-Quebecers have a heritage of 250 years and form a vibrant part of the Quebec fabric.”
250 years. They form a vibrant part of the Quebec fabric.
Discover Canada · about page 10Discover Canada — Large Print · page 20
Question 2 of 2
What happened to the Constitution in 1982?
Correct answer: It was amended without the agreement of Quebec
Source from the guide
“After much negotiation, in 1982 the Constitution was amended without the agreement of Quebec.”
It was amended without the agreement of Quebec.
Discover Canada · about page 24Discover Canada — Large Print · page 47
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